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Steps of Paul Biya's political speech or demagoguery at work sites

Through the speech delivered by a politician, it is possible to identify his political thinking, its primary concerns, the contradictions in which he became entangled, the his vision of his country. This work we have tried to engage with the president.

"Commitment and loyalty" that had been the first political slogan of President Biya succeeded Ahmadou Ahidjo when the head of Cameroon. It was November 6, 1982. He had to swear allegiance to the National Assembly. In the process, he proclaimed Ahmadou Ahidjo "giant in the history of Cameroon, a giant of African history, a giant of history as well."

These remarks, of course, had raised various comments. For some, it was natural that he expressed himself well, given that he owed everything to Ahmadou Ahidjo: its recruitment Cameroon's administration after his studies in France, his career in this, his appointment to the government, his appointment as Prime Minister and then, finally, his appointment as President of the Republic. Ahmadou Ahidjo was, for him, indeed, a "giant".

For others, it could not differentiate Ahmadou Ahidjo, in that moment, it had been too early. But it was necessary that he quickly did. So, state of grace.

DISCIPLINE IN THE MANAGEMENT AND moralization of behavior

the euphoria the day of the takeover, the new president, shortly after, opened the discourse on "rigorous management of public wealth and the moralization of public behavior." He tackled well, officially, the mismanagement that had characterized the reign of Ahmadou Ahidjo. One remembers, among other things, in fact, the practice for his family, ruling solely on the basis of recommendations et non de dossiers en bonne et due forme, d’impressionnants prêts bancaires, et de se déclarer morts et enterrés quelque temps après, tout en continuant à circuler tout bonnement dans la République, parfois même à travers la ville de Yaoundé, au su et au vu de tout le monde. La population désapprouvait considérablement ce comportement pour le moins cavalier. En conséquence, lorsqu’elle avait entendu ces mots d’ordre, quelle n’avait pas été sa satisfaction. Celui-ci était véritablement révolutionnaire, au regard du contexte de l’époque, et ne pouvait qu’emporter l’adhésion générale, à l’exception, Of course, major beneficiaries of this much maligned practice.

However, what people do not realize was that the real author of this slogan was none other than ... Ahmadou Ahidjo. Indeed, it had been issued for the first time the congress of the UNC Bafoussam in 1980 and was resumed thereafter on various occasions. In other words, Paul Biya, pronouncing these words, stood still in the " loyalty and commitment" to implement its " illustrious predecessor, "and that he continued to appoint-ment obsequious, Ahmadou Ahidjo, before it came into conflict with him. There was no question for him to break. In fact, the real break, at least in discourse, only occur a few months later.

"IT'S A REAL CHANGE aspires THE PEOPLE OF CAMEROON"

late July, early August 1983, President de la République, dans un message radio, annonce au peuple camerounais, médusé, qu’un complot visant au renversement de son régime et à l’assassinat de sa personne vient d’être éventé. La stupeur est générale dans le pays. La révolte, également. Sur ces entrefaites, il enchaîne : « c’est à un véritable changement que s’attend le peuple camerounais ». C’est l’apothéose. Du coup, la population se met à rêver de tout : l’arrestation imminente de tous les barons de l’ancien régime ; la confiscation de leurs biens ; l’interdiction de l’Unc, le parti politique créé by Ahmadou Ahidjo, the establishment by Paul Biya, a new political party, the establishment of a multiparty, etc.. To be honest, Cameroon is in turmoil. But in September 1983: boom! Paul Biya decides to lead the party from its moribund " illustrious predecessor, Ahmadou Ahidjo, and hated by the population: Unc. The consternation is general in the country.

THE "NATIONAL RENEWAL CAMEROON"

In December 1983, Paul Biya decided to organize presidential elections " anticipated." It de-sire no longer continue to emerge as a President of the Republic acting, given the fact that the mandate does qu'achever Ahmadou Ahidjo, who was scheduled to end in 1985. Elections will be held in January 1984. He is a candidate, and is unique. On this occasion, he gave up, purely and simply, his dis-course on " change that draws people of Cameroon . Maybe is he aware that his conquest of the presidency of the Unc posing as a demagogue. So he invented a new slogan: " Renewal." So, les thuriféraires de radio Cameroun, tout comme de l’Unc, se mettent à propager ce nouveau mot d’ordre. Tout se met aussitôt à porter le nom « renouveau » : « coiffeur du renouveau » ; « renouveau bar » ; « renouveau car » ; « restaurant du renouveau » ; « circuit du renouveau » ; etc. Les membres du gouvernement ne sont pas en reste. A chacune de leurs prises de parole, ils se font une obligation de prononcer ce terme : « grâce à la politique du renouveau national » ; « le renouveau sportif "" victory Renewal "" roads Renewal "" sites of revival ";" achievements Renewal "later, we hear talk of" renewal communicational -calf. "

MAN LION

The president will change the slogan to the 1992 presidential. He will complete it, the opportunities for them, with a new " man lion." He wanted, perhaps thereby send a strong message to Cameroonians, that it has great courage.

This slogan, in fact, do not bear him really happy. Indeed, the 1992 presidential suspicion come to an end in total. He won the election, but at the same time, no one is really sure of his victory ...

few years later, this slogan spread in broad daylight, his demagogic character. The animal chosen does not seem to really match the dominant trait of the character: dodge, the rebuff to the fight. The lion faces his opponent. The president, meanwhile, tends to shrink from it. His friend and confidant, Titus Edzoa, is a candidate against him for president in 1997. Everyone expects a titanic struggle to see the "Lion" tear, a scratch, his opponent, especially since it seems very frail. Just the campaign is launched it, the attention of public opinion fades: Titus was arrested Edzoa for embezzlement of public funds. This puzzled more than one person. Two years later, Pierre-Desire Engo is suspected of trying to conquer the palace Etoudi. Shortly after, he too was arrested for embezzlement, too. As a result, many people deprive themselves more to point out that this is certainly not the behavior of a lion. This fawn waiting for her prey, kills and devours. Rather, the hyena that awaits the death of this one to come and cut up, when it is already in a state of putrefaction. The difference is important ante ...

MODERNITY

won the 1997 presidential, the president launched a new slogan: "modernity . So, as for "renewal , it is found immediately on everyone's lips:" Cameroon in the era of modernity .

What is she, this modernity that President of the Republic invites there Cameroon? Itself remains little to say on this issue. To be honest, it does not define it. Perhaps it is a bright idea blown some advise, but that has not cared to give it content, or when that content, it does not simply exist. Com-ing to know? Anyway, everybody talks about it, to do well, to proclaim his adherence to the policy of the Head of State, to serve his "unwavering commitment to his person, after all, What is it to know what it is?

MAJOR AMBITIONS

Meanwhile, seven years later, Cameroonians find on election posters of President-nominee, a very strange sentence " Paul Biya, Cameroon great ambitions." The comments are going well. What does this mean it? The name of the president would ever become synonymous with Cameroon?

After the election, after it had been once again, won by the outgoing president, the famous phrase loses its beginning, and becomes the ultimate slogan of Paul Biya, "the Cameroon great ambitions." So, as for the "revival " and the "modernity " we only hear it everywhere and in all circumstances, "the Cameroon great ambitions." It is pronounced more formal speech, without it being repeated. Drink to the public media, all day long, opinion. But, as in previous slogans, no one knows what it is. The president, meanwhile, does not make it easy for people. As usual, it does not define this new slogan, that is to say its " great ambitions." You'd think he does not even cares. For their part, journalists in CRTV, various political figures, his ministers, all who await any money from him, become commentators. Everyone in his field, gives the content it considers appropriate for "big presidential ambitions." It falls into the cacophony.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PRESIDENTIAL SLOGANS

A French politician once said that " campaign promises only bind those who believe . To see the outcome, each time, the political slogans of the President of the Republic, one is tempted to believe that our French politician had stated a great truth. Indeed, no presidential slogans, until now, has been applied.

"Rigorous management moral behavior." When the president had captured these slogans of its predecessor, which had not been the hopes he had aroused among the people. Everyone, almost, had acceded to the exception, simply, a handful of diehards who had prospered, irregularly under Ahmadou Ahidjo.

But soon, the Cameroonians have realized their mistake. Mismanagement has worsened and has become widespread. Under Ahidjo, people were very careful in diverting public funds or take bribes. With the arrival of Paul Biya to power, misappropriation of public funds and corruption have become the national sport, and almost nobody takes offense now. Small staff of nothing, just appointed to positions of responsibility, are found immediately at the head of colossal fortunes, as available real palaces in the city that campaign, the cars line up to the largest displacement in their car, bought apartments in the most exclusive neighborhoods of Paris, New York , Montreal, Geneva. In public services, all services that were once free, need now to be rendered and kickbacks. To be honest, corruption is no longer limited to Cameroon. The magnitude of the scourge has become such, under the reign of "strict management " that Cameroon was ranked two consecutive years, cham-pion of the world all kinds of corruption. The opposite of what had been announced with great fanfare in 1983, when the president was beginning his reign.

Same for the "moral behavior." During the reign of the second President of the Republic, Cameroon became the African country, par excellence, homosexuality used for political purposes. The phenomenon is such that currently there is practically no longer possible for a person to emerge, really, in this country, if not previously offered her behind some makers of men hidden within the government. The most improbable stories circulating in every reshuffle. Homosexuality has become almost an obligatory accession to high office in Cameroon. The National School of Administration and Magistracy who-sees for the administration in various settings, has become the mecca of initiation into the practice. Will have at your fingertips with one hand, graduates who were not at one time or another during their training, approached by gay men of power.

The " renewal. No sooner had it been stated that he quickly turned into outright restoration of the political system established by Ahmadou Ahidjo, with just reorganizations intended to reinforce the power of the new President of the Republic. Censorship of the press, after a moment of relaxation during the months of July and August 1983, has resumed with a vengeance. Political trials, also have been included. Master Black Yondo Mangengue Anicet Ekane Henriette Ekwe, etc., have received a prison sentence de quatre années fermes à la suite d’une tentative de création d’un parti politique. La répression des artistes s’est également poursuivie. La chanteuse Koko Ateba, à la suite d’un récital de chanson devant le couple présidentiel, s’est retrouvée entre les mains du sinistre Jean Fochivé, tout puissant patron de la police politique. Elle a été embastillée pendant plusieurs mois dans les geôles de la Bmm au quartier Kondengui à Yaoundé. L’ostracisme dont était l’objet les exilés politiques a également été maintenu. Les consulats du Cameroun, à travers le monde, ont continué à leur refuser la délivrance de Cameroonian passports, arguing that, armed with these, they can move better and better "insult" the scheme to the four corners of the planet. The embassies of Cameroon continued to be riddled with agents of CENER , instead of true career diplomats. Sports delegations traveling abroad, too, continued to be riddled with these agents with a mission to ensure that athletes do not come into contact with political exiles. The exit permit to all Cameroonians wishing to travel abroad, was extended. In other words, Cameroon has continued to remain a vast prison whose president held the key to the gate. To open a "sale carried away," the police had continued to ensure that the applicant did not benefit from this trade to engage in challenging the regime in the "subversion", as the word used. Next election, they continued to be replaced brought to ridiculous scores of 100%. It took until 1990 for the "rebirth", following the forceful warning of François Mitterrand, President of the Republic French, against African leaders who delighted in imprisoning their citizens, so that the "revival" deigns to stand out from the regime of "the illustrious predecessor, and at the same time" giant story short .

Modernity. This resulted in the transformation of the political system in Cameroon gerontocracy. In the reshuffle that followed the 1997 presidential election, the average age of members of the Cameroonian government has sharply increased. It went more than sixty years. Modernity has become synonymous with old age. It turned into gerontocracy. Plus they were old and that they had been recalled from retirement, it was more "modern . A real nonsense. In the era of "modernity ", Cameroon started to resemble the Soviet Union Leonid Brezhnev's time, when power was held by old men, all aged over seventy years. (In this regard, President Biya appeared in Anti-Ahidjo, that is to say as its quite contrary. Indeed, Ahmadou Ahidjo gave preference to young people. He did not hesitate to entrust them with greater responsibilities. We have thus seen Nzo Ekanga Ki as Secretary General of the Organization of African Unity, while the latter was then only 36 years ...! Similarly, he had chosen as chief of staff in 1969, another young man ... 36 years! This young man was named Paul Biya. William Etéki Mboumoua had been appointed in the government as Minister of Education, when he was barely older than 30 years! This leads us to conclude that, while it takes tyrant, Ahmadou Ahidjo was concerned still about the future of Cameroon, and coupling, thereby forming the leaders of tomorrow. Paul Biya, for its part, is not inhabited by such a concern. It has on several occasions, even having to replace rather young in office, by old retired. He thus replaced the young Samuel Efoua Mbozo'o, aged about forty, Secretary General of the National Assembly, by Michel Meva'am'Eboutou, a character out of retirement age and who had du père de Samuel Efoua Mbozo’o. Un papa remplace son fils).

Sur le plan économique, évidemment, on n’a rien vu qui aurait pu s’apparenter à la modernité. Sur le plan social, même chose.

Actuellement, les « grandes ambitions ». Malgré les mois qui passent, on ne voit toujours rien poindre à l’horizon qui puisse justifier le choix de ce slogan. Le Cameroun connaît toujours la même sclérose qui prévalait avant les « grandes ambitions ». On ne voit pas de grands travaux d’annoncés, de grandes réformes, upheaval or some spectacular anywhere. Everywhere and in all places, the status quo before. Sleep norm - A diplomat from a Western country based in Yaounde had told us that in his view, Cameroon, under the "revival " was nothing more than "the Republic of sleep " . Everything is asleep ...

Given the propensity of the president never to transform slogans into concrete action, that is to say, keep its commitments, how can we not be forced to question deep image that will leave it in the history books of Cameroon. In France, we knew kings " suns" and kings " lazy." What will there be tomorrow of him?

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The third president Republic of Cameroon Paul Biya

Once the current president of the Republic of Cameroon gone, what will be the task that will tackle his successor?

After Paul Biya, what should he do? Naturally establish an audit of its management. In 2011, it will be exactly 29 years he will be found to power. We can not, if one wishes to leave the right foot, draw up a state of Cameroon. Therefore, an audit, what is more classic? Normally, it would have to establish one during the transition of power to Paul Biya Ahmadou Ahidjo in 1982. That is how things are going in large countries. There was an audit after Valery Giscard d'Estaing, François Mitterrand when he succeeded. There was another, even after François Mitterrand, Jacques Chirac when he succeeded. So nothing surprising. Quite the opposite is. Fault for not having done, Paul Biya is found, with no voice, face charges of many Cameroonians on the theme "Ahidjo had left a country economically sound, Biya came to destroy everything." If he had established an audit, in good standing of the management of his "illustrious predecessor", he would, most likely, what answer today. Unfortunately for him, he had instead said: "My predecessor did not fail, I did not fail! . Translation: his predecessor was successful, he agrees to do the same. But, once a management audit conducted by Paul Biya, he will have to engage in reforms. What will they? Redeeming the

OF CAMEROON

can not be stressed enough, the image of Cameroon, across the world, is not much brighter now. As soon as you mention the name of our country, heart, people screaming, "the most corrupt country on earth! . That says it all. Improve the image of Cameroon is a vast undertaking. The latter part of diplomacy, the internal management of the country. It goes without that as the level of corruption that characterized the Cameroon has not declined, our image internationally, will always be terrible. Similarly, if we are consistently absent peaks occurring in Africa and are the first to ever reach the summit taking place in Europe, America, and off again in the latter, our image will not change either. Also in the same vein, if the new head of state reiterated the annoying habit is that of the latter and that is disappearing every two months in Switzerland, "private travel", or disappear for a whole month still in Switzerland, after each visit, the image of Cameroon does not improve. Our head of state will continue to be qualified abroad, "Head of State emigrated. Bad language will continue to pretend that he already has a residence permit in Switzerland. Finally, the country's image abroad, also depends largely on its strike force, the formidable character or not its army. Unfortunately, on this plan, the Cameroonian army does not scare anyone. She did it backwards, systematically compared with that of Nigeria, which had invaded our territory. Consequently, today, all our neighbors despise royally, the deal "an army of wimps." They know she is in the hands of a team of fully gagas old.

PROVIDE THE CAMEROON FOR A REAL POLITICAL CLASS

The second major project that will achieve the third President of the Republic, will, no doubt, who will return to its pedigree politicians. After the proclamation of independence, Ahmadou Ahidjo had systematically, away, all politicians in Cameroon, and did put to nominate for public office, as small department heads, advisers and other managers of departments. This has the advantage of having behaved in front of him, as fearful and zealous sycophants, including petty officials who owe him everything. But in return, Cameroon found itself with, at the top of the state, poor people, although sometimes highly educated, but harbored no real plan for the country. In their capacity as officials, they had one thing in mind, "making a good career." With such a mentality, no country can progress, meet great challenges. Administration officials. Is known. Politicians politics. That is how countries that dominate the world forever. Cameroon can not be an exception.

REINTRODUCE MERIT AND THE ABILITY TO CAMEROON

If, after independence, politics, much-maligned ethnic balance (political tribalism of State if any) has been established with to reason, "the imbalance resulting from the settlement" and that would have helped in terms of education, parts of the country over others, 50 years after independence, it goes without saying, this policy should simply be abolished. Should cease to oppose, jurisdiction and ethnicity. This can only be a race to the bottom, at a time when all peoples of the world seeking excellence. What has been the result of this policy? The Cameroonian government found itself at the hands of people scattered, whatsoever, to the intellectual approximate summary. Worse, even the school that was supposed to train the leaders of the senior management publique camerounaise n’a pas échappé à cette règle. L’Ecole Camerounaise d’Administration, ENAM, jusqu’à ce jour continue à être dominée par cette logique, à laquelle est venue se greffer la corruption à son concours d’entrée : de 1 à 5 millions de francs cfa la place ! En conséquence, l’administration camerounaise, tout court, s’est retrouvée dominée par la « racaille », comme dirait l’autre. Quoi de surprenant, dans ces conditions, que le Cameroun se soit écroulé, aussitôt que les coopérants français ont définitivement cédé la place aux fonctionnaires français, à l’aube 80s? Because it should in no day to forget, Cameroonians have taken full control of their administration until the end of the decade 70. Independence was definitely there, but it is the French who continued to design everything for the simple reason that senior Cameroonian were still insufficient. Cameroonians were, admittedly, prefects, governors, secretaries general of ministries, heads of departments, but they were the advisers who were still French. For comparison, it's a bit like South Africa today. Blacks are ministers, ambassadors, MPs and others, but the administration is still in the hands of whites. The example of Zimbabwe is still speaking. Mugabe has beaten whites, the country was, quite simply, collapsed. This is what happened in Cameroon with these frames from the "ethnic balance" that began to replace the French.

RAISE THE ECONOMY

Another major project that awaits the next president of Cameroon, the recovery of the national economy. Here, also, same thing. This entails raising the necessary level of training of our men business. Businessmen "scum", can not grow an economy. Clearly seen in Cameroon. Clearly seen in Cameroon. Our businessmen complain that banks do not grant them credit. But at the same time, they forget to say that all land titles in the city of Yaounde and Douala, find themselves in mortgage banks instead, after the credits which had been granted and they not reimbursed. These "businessmen" have bankrupt the FOGAPE. They have also contracted enormous loans that they not reimbursed. What we usually put forward, what are the votes of senior officials and dignitaries of the regime. But it ignores those traders and so-called "businessmen" of Cameroon, who are also huge. Thus there is practically not, to date, in Cameroon, a single "businessman" who survive only thanks to the leniency of the state. None are in good standing with the IRS. Same with the CNPS. They are all, to varying degrees, smugglers. They cheat, systematically, to the customs. None of their business is truly profitable, even less competitive. Accounting thereof is desperately risky. That is why the most "business" regardless of scale whatsoever, took refuge in the CPDM. The government party serves them, really, coverage. Our Chamber of Commerce and Industry, itself, is no exception to this rule. It can give the figure, even approximate, traders regardless whether particular city of Cameroon. It simply does not know anything. Almost all combinations of "businessmen" of Cameroon, are intended one thing, turn into pressure groups to obtain more public contracts to their members. Like seminars workshops for "capacity building of this or that" abound in public administration, it should be done multiply, too, for our "businessmen". These, the least we can say, really need to "strengthen their capabilities."
There are many other very important projects facing the next President of the Republic. But these, it seems, are the fundamental building sites.

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AS JEAN-BAPTISTE, NOT PREPARED DOES NOT WANT WITHOUT THE FIELD FOR SOMEONE ELSE?

Paul Biya is trying to clean the Cameroonian political scene. But can he, himself, benefit? Eclipsed only does it not, unwittingly, as Jean-Baptiste of the Bible which had paved the way to Christ?

Paul Biya, at present, is genuinely committed to the work of Hercules. He prowl, more than ever, the prison around a large number of his former collaborators, and presented long as his henchmen. That day that the media inform us about the imminent arrest of this or that top personality of the Republic yesterday totally untouchable. Then, some time after the individual is actually thrown in jail. Sometimes it takes a while. Convening the Judicial Police. Relax. Reconvening. Sometimes, new release. Then, a final call, followed by his surrender to the prosecutor. There, the unfortunate fellow is asked to put his fingerprints on a piece of paper to warrant prison Kondengui. The collapse of the earth around the individual who until recently was a " excellence", sometimes cited as belonging to the closed circle of " President's Men." It suggests that those who make such statements totally lacking seriousness.

THIEVES OR nuisance?

Naturally, we are led to ask this basic question such notables joining at this time and one behind the prison, do they not fall, all, within the scope settle political scores? Even if there was reason to doubt the existence of a famous power-hungry group known as the "G11", we can at the same time, fail to establish a strong correlation between the names broadcast regular press as those of persons belonging to this famous group, and those of former collaborators of the President of the Republic who gagent currently in prison. This explanation does not it? If this is the case, therefore, there is every reason to ask this question: what are we dealing with the arrest of thieves or intruders? Because In the first case, it is not a small handful of individuals who deserve to go to jail now, but, indeed, hundreds or even thousands. Who has not stolen, Cameroon, under this regime for a long time did not have "evidence"? Also, do we did not used to discover every time one of its prominent members has expressed his desire to take the place of Paul Biya? Evidence they are not suddenly appeared the day when Pierre Desire Engo, Titus Edzoa, etc., began to ogle the supreme power? But abandoning the plan of renewal in its contradictions, and rather return to our sheep.

JEAN-BAPTISTE BEFORE CHRIST

"I do enunciate the imminent coming of the son of God ": This was the words of Jean-Baptiste, in the Holy Scriptures. Even better, he was tasked to conduct the baptism of Christ in the Jordan River. A dove even fell from the sky to signal clearly to the whole world that Christ was indeed sent by the Lord. Then, after performing this work, Jean-Baptiste has disappeared so tragic: he was murdered. Here Paul Biya began to throw everyone in jail in any case, all we, gentlemen and ladies man in the street, saw as its dolphins. His propagandists are good laugh and try to demonstrate that the Cameroonian president " has already borne too bad these people and that henceforth he will hit . Not everyone is convinced by these words. But, whatever. Can not we draw a parallel between his work and that of John the Baptist? Engage in there not, at this point, ultimately, to clean up the national political situation, the benefit of someone other than us, Cameroon, as well as people of the Bible waiting for the Saviour, still waiting, but, like John the Baptist was not the Christ, is not Paul Biya and which would finally liberate us from the countless disasters renewal plan?

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why Paul Biya SHOULD GO?

why Paul Biya SHOULD HE GO?

Why Paul Biya should he go? That is the question nagging the minds of Cameroonians, for whom this should not happen, so they believe that in the current context of Cameroon, it would be a grave mistake. The reason? According to them, there would be no other Cameroonians able to hold the presidential office. Naturally, such an argument is totally devoid of common sense. The history of mankind is full of leaders that people had, at one point considered irreplaceable but that, once gone, life continued as if nothing had happened. In the case of Cameroon, Ahmadou Ahidjo, himself, the first president of Cameroon, is pleased to circulate this kind of nonsense. It was thus during a press conference became famous in the annals of Cameroon, said, without blinking, as if he were to leave office one way or another, the country would descend into a interminable civil war. He was resigned November 4, 1982, that is to say 26 years ago already, and the civil war he predicted has yet pas déclenchée…

Le maintien de Paul Biya au pouvoir cause actuellement un énorme tort au pays . Telle est la première raison pour laquelle il est largement temps que Paul Biya se retire des affaires.

1/-A travers la terre entière, son nom est déjà résolument associé à la corruption au Cameroun. Sous son règne, il a réalisé l’exploit de faire figurer, pendant deux années consécutives, le Cameroun, en tête de la liste honteuse of the most corrupt countries of the earth. Even now, Cameroon still belongs to the short list of these champions of shame.

2 / - His absenteeism and casually meet its obligations as head of state are causing immense harm to the country. It is a head of state on vacation forever. He likes to such an extent in Europe, especially Switzerland, where he has already exhausted all his family, that is its short stay in Cameroon that look, now, to vacation at home. To be honest, Paul Biya is a masterpiece d’Etat émigré . En tout cas, il se comporte, véritablement, désormais, exactement comme le font les émigrés africains en Europe. Ils travaillent là-bas, épargnent de l’argent, et viennent éblouir leurs parents demeurés au pays, pendant les vacances.

3/- Paul Biya est véritablement, actuellement, un homme du passé. Faudrait-il le rappeler, il trône au sommet de l’Etat depuis … 46 ans ! C’est en 1962 qu’il avait été recruté à la présidence de la République en qualité de chargé de mission. Depuis, on l’imagine bien, il a déjà « usé » plusieurs de ses homologues chefs d’Etats étrangers. Par exemple, aux Etats Unis d’Amérique, il a vu défiler Ronald Reagan, Bush père, Bill Clinton, Bush fils, soit 5 chefs d’Etats, actuellement, les Etats Unis vont se doter d’un autre président, Paul Biya, quant à lui, demeure éternel. En France, il a vu défiler, François Mitterrand, Jacques Chirac, actuellement Nicolas Sarkozy, et lui il est toujours là, inoxydable. Sur le plan intérieur, également, ses homologues ministres sous Ahidjo comme lui, sont déjà pratiquement tous au cimetière. Il travaille déjà, à ce jour, avec ses little son! Consequently, it can not in any way, be representative of the Cameroonian society. The age at which it is no longer less than 5% of the population of Cameroon. He is a has-been power.

4 / - Paul Biya is a head of state completely cut off from people. He did, ending up as President of the Republic, carried out any political battle, no campaign, nothing. He has had only one assignment, and nothing else. He could catch up by building the contact avec son peuple. Que non. Il s’est emmuré dans son palais. Il est actuellement, ainsi, l’un des chefs d’Etats les plus hermétiques au monde. Au bout de 26 années de fonction présidentielle, il n’a jamais envisagé d’effectuer le tour de son pays. Il n’a, à ce jour, pas encore visité 20 départements, sur les 65 que compte le Cameroun. De même, il n’a jamais envisagé de rencontrer la presse nationale. Il n’a jamais donné une conférence de presse au Cameroun. Par ailleurs, il ne reçoit personne. La majorité de ses ministres, au bout de cinq ans, n’ont jamais obtenu la moindre entrevue avec lui. Il ne cause pas avec eux. Si déjà it does not meet his ministers, what can it then be the rest of Cameroonians? His knowledge of his country, therefore, is highly administrative. However, in such a corrupt administration that he has put in place, and where people are looking for promotions, you can expect that these reports are far from reflecting the reality of the country. Such an individual should he continue to lead Cameroon?

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Presidential elections in Zimbabwe and Paul Biya in Cameroon

Re-election of Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe is a test that Paul Biya is following with great interest and attention. This is a trial run for him, which he will, tomorrow, Cameroon.

The success of the coup of Robert Mugabe in Zimbabwe, after that of Moi Kibaki in Kenya has greatly welcomed Paul Biya, Cameroon. This leap backward for democracy on our continent, can only fill it with joy. Just as it had done for the constitutional amendment, that draw on examples of Idriss Deby, Chad, Ben Ali of Tunisia, etc., it can not fail to learn this new way to keep power, the cons will of the people that are trying to open Kibaki and Mugabe. It appears as follows: 1 / - Elections, 2 / - in case of defeat, resorting to violence, 3 / - provides, through international intermediaries, sharing power with the winner. The formula has been successful in Kenya, she is being redrawn in Zimbabwe, there is no reason why it should not be applied tomorrow, Cameroon. After all, the desire of the dictators like Paul Biya? Remain in power, and nothing else. No matter how.

" JE NE SUIS PAS AHMADOU AHIDJO » VERSION CAMEROUNAISE DE « C’EST DIEU SEUL QUI ME FERA PARTIR DU POUVOIR »

« Je ne suis pas Ahmadou Ahidjo qui avait démissionné », tels sont les propos que prêtent à notre Paul national, ses proches. Ceux-ci ne sont rien d’autre que la version camerounaise des propos extravagants de Robert Mugabe : « l’opposition ne prendra jamais le pouvoir tant je serai en vie ». La preuve, Paul Biya s’est tout d’abord octroyé une « majorité confortable au Parlement ». Puis, grâce à celle-ci, il a procédé à la révision Constitution makes him a candidate for life in the presidential office. Meanwhile, he has poured troops into the streets in Cameroon in order to terrorize the population. The latter being retracted into its shell, Paul Biya declared victory. The method is not free. Then it proceeds, currently, an increase in the number of this special army to serve his remaining in power what the BIR, local version of the Schutzstaffel, the SS, the formidable squads protection of Adolf Hitler, whose Führer had used to stay in power through terror, Germany, from 1933.

L’ETAPE DE L’HEURE POUR PAUL BIYA

Pour l’heure, Paul Biya entend tirer tous les enseignements de la réaction de la communauté internationale. Les propos de Desmond Tutu, qui prône le recours à une intervention militaire pour débarquer Mugabe du pouvoir le font frémir – même s’il n’y croit pas beaucoup - tout comme les condamnations du Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies, de la Maison Blanche à Washington, ou de l’Union Européenne. En revanche, l’apathie de l’Union Africaine, tout comme de Tabo Mbeki, son homologue Sud Africain, le confortent dans ses intentions.

Internally, he prepares meticulously, in the field. He knows in advance that the next presidential Cameroon will be stormy, that people take to the streets. So in addition to recruiting in the BIR, to terrorize and has just completed Robert Mugabe, he strives now to mitigate, in advance, critics of the international community. That's why he just grant itself another six months to give life to ELECAM, the body will function to provide a measure of credibility to the poll that everyone knows in advance rigged.

Finally, silence radio and television, through the closure of Equinoxe and Magic FM, as ban opposition meetings will be held until the eve of the election. Thus, it can ensure that the opposition has been unable to deploy on the ground.

THE TIME OF INGENUITY

Given this situation, the time has come for the ingenuity us who we are calling for opposition to Cameroon. We must invent new methods of struggle, which can enable us to continue to mobilize the population, despite the media blockade and political regime inflicts on us. This is the task of the hour Cameroonians, many who refuse to attend as spectators resigned, and ultimately complicit in total forfeiture of our country.

What Is A Damper Control On A Tripod?

The latest events in Bakassi or crédilibité of Cameroon and his army in question

The abduction of our sub-prefect and officers of our army recently in Bakassi, just, once again, the problem, oh crucial, credibility, à la fois de notre pays, que de notre armée nationale, sur le plan sous-régional. Bien mieux, il vient mettre à nu les carences de notre gouvernance, c’est-à-dire du régime en place, et surtout, de sa diplomatie. Tout Camerounais patriote, ne peut que, légitimement, s’en offusquer profondément.

LES BANDITS ONT UNE NATIONALITE

Qui a opéré le rapt et l’assassinat de notre sous-préfet et de nos officiers à Bakassi ? La réponse du gouvernement est toute simple : « des bandits ». Traduction, des individus incontrôlables, qui n’agissent que par eux-mêmes. N’existe-t-il no bandits in Cameroon? Our government control there? It can be held accountable for their atrocities? Such is the reasoning behind the response made by the Chief of Defence Staff, in lieu of an official statement from our government. But, since the latter is no denying the opposite, this opinion is, ex officio, the government itself. He endorses it automatically.

The answer, unfortunately, can not be satisfactory, and is neither more nor less, as casual. "The bandits have kidnappés et tués, que voulez-vous que nous fassions ? », telle est sa traduction concrète. Elle ne peut, en aucune manière, nous satisfaire. Les bandits, quels qu’ils soient, sont dotés d’une nationalité. Dès lors que des voyous franchissent la frontière de leur pays et vont opérer de tels actes derrière celle-ci, qui plus est, en territoire ennemi, et s’évanouissent dans la nature, en fait, retournent dans leur pays d’origine, nous ne pouvons plus nous contenter de l’argument selon lequel, ce sont des individus que nul ne contrôle. Nous sommes obligés de nous en remettre à leur nationalité, c’est-à-dire à leur gouvernement. Imagine there be bandits Cameroon perpetrating murders across the same border in Bakassi, including assassinating the administrative authorities and officers of the Nigerian army, without the Nigerian government takes action? Impossible. And he would be right to be angry. But as regards our own, these murders were classified in the account, already heavily supplied, losses and profits in the neighborhood of Nigeria.

We can not allow that. Even better, we're asking ourselves a series of questions, 1 / - in whose interest Nigerian bandits would they come Cameroonian officials assassinated? 2 / - Bakassi is not the Niger Delta, these so-called bandits would they be spontaneous generation, since, firstly, we have never heard before, on the other hand, no to date, has claimed responsibility for the assassination, and finally, the bandits operating in the Niger Delta them operate abductions followed by political demands? 3 / - The Nigerian government, or else that of the Bakassi border state, does not he find some interest in conducting a guerrilla war in the Cameroonian administration that must be deployed on the ground? 4 / - assassination Cameroonian officials it is not the prelude to other repeater assassinations of officials in Cameroon Bakassi history of discouraging military officials and Cameroon to settle in these places? We see, we can not settle for theses bandits. This is, quite simply, to close the case. We say, no.

a series of blunders and low

In truth, the issue of Bakassi is the kind of bulky file que le gouvernement camerounais, depuis toujours, n’a aps su gérer. Tout a commencé par la guerre du Biafra à l’époque d’Ahmadou Ahidjo. Il n’était nullement dans l’intérêt du Cameroun de soutenir le gouvernement central, dirigé par Yakubu Gowon, ainsi que s’était attelé à le faire Ahmadou Ahidjo. Il était plutôt de l’intérêt du Cameroun de rester neutre dans ce conflit. La raison ? Une victoire du Biafra, dans la guerre de sécession, aurait été avantageuse pour nous, dès lors que nous nous serions retrouvés avec un Etat voisin moins puissant à nos frontières, à la place du matodonde actuel qu’est férédale Republic of Nigeria. But, Ahmadou Ahidjo acted advantage of tribalism as political realism. He has no special interest in Cameroon. He had, moreover, made his decision without consulting anyone. There had been no prior debate in the National Assembly. Everyone knows that dictators make decisions for themselves, otherwise they would not dictators. The Biafran war had the immediate source, the massacre of thousands of Biafra by the Hausa in northern Nigeria. In response, a year later, Odumegu Ojuku proclaimed the secession of the State of Biafra. Hence the war. How Cameroon was he concerned in the slaughter? Thanks in Cameroon, which had officially closed its land and maritime borders in Biafra, but in fact his second flight in army reinforcements to the central government, the Biafran secession ended in failure. This support of Cameroon to preserve the unity of Biafra, would have resulted in a profound gratitude on the part of Nigeria to our country. But, as has been the case? The Bakassi conflict is not he an eloquent illustration of the ingratitude of Nigeria? Ahmadou Ahidjo had acted out of feelings, Nigerians they make them to him today? The responsibility of Ahmadou Ahidjo is considerable in the quagmire that is Bakassi to date for Cameroon.

NO WAR NO PEACE TALKS REAL

After the departure of Ahmadou Ahidjo's regime has done little better renewal . During the first attack Nigerian Bakassi, at the very beginning of the crisis, Cameroonian soldiers on the front, waited in vain for the order to retaliate. Power, in Yaounde, s’est lancé dans les interminables réunions et atermoiements dont il a le secret, et les troupes nigérianes ont continué à avancer, inexorablement, puis à s’installer confortablement sur notre sol. Finalement, l’ordre de riposter n’est jamais venu de Yaoundé. Tout ce qui a été demandé à nos soldats, a été de contenir les troupes nigérianes, c’est-à-dire de tout entreprendre, uniquement, pour stopper leur progression, mais, pas de les déloger du sol camerounais. Or, nos soldats en avaient bel et bien les moyens. Puis, le gouvernement camerounais a choisi la voie de la diplomatie. Ce faisant, il a commis une erreur politique grave : la diplomatie, en cas de conflit, ne doit intervenir qu’après un cessez le feu consécutif à une rude bataille. Il aurait fallu livrer une guerre intense d’au moins un mois entier, contre le Nigeria, avant de passer à la phase diplomatique. Tous les stratèges du monde entier sont unanimes sur ce point. Pas de diplomatie, c’est-à-dire de pourparlers de paix, sans véritable guerre. En d’autres termes, le Cameroun a mis la charrue avant les bœufs.

Bien mieux, dans cette voie diplomatique, le Cameroun n’a pas su utiliser toutes les cartes qu’il détenait entre ses mains. Par exemple, le Cameroun n’est nullement parvenu à rallier à its cause, the CEMAC countries. One of them has even been recovered by Nigeria. This is Equatorial Guinea. Nigeria led him to file a complaint against us to weaken our position in front of him, putting aside all the good neighborly relations that had existed previously with Cameroon. In fact, Teodoro Obiang Nguema has acted in a statesman who therefore stands above all the interests of his country. Ahmadou Ahidjo that had failed to do in 1967 at the outbreak of the Biafran war.

The Cameroon had another card extrêmement précieuse, face au Nigeria. Il s’agit du désir de notre ennemi d’obtenir un siège permanent au Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies. Le Cameroun avait la possibilité de contre-attaquer sur le plan international, en menant une campagne basée sur le fait que, le Nigeria ne pouvait prétendre à une telle position politique sur le plan mondial, dès lors que son armée avait envahi le territoire d’un pays voisin, et y était installée. Il fallait qu’au préalable, Abuja opère un retrait de celle-ci, pour être en mesure de prétendre siéger dans cette haute instance de maintien de la paix, sur le plan mondial, qu’est le Conseil de Sécurité United Nations. But Cameroon has, simply, let slip through his fingers, this unexpected windfall.

THE CAMEROON never got angry at NIGERIA

Since the outbreak of this conflict of Bakassi, Cameroon has never showed his anger. He only shave from start to finish, walls, and nothing else. Since he has chosen diplomacy, and he had several options at his disposal. 1 / - It could break off diplomatic relations with Nigeria. He did not. Why? How do I know? The history provides no example of a country that has managed to maintain diplomatic relations with another occupying its territory. There is no example of this type throughout the history of international relations. 2 / - He might, at least, recall our ambassador in Lagos. Usually, when a country's troops crossing the border to another to settle on its territory, the first thing that happens, inevitably, is the recall of the ambassador of the country which was invaded , which is accredited with the invading country. Yaounde did not even do. What we feared? We were already at war. 3 / - Cameroon could have closed its border with Nigeria. We did not fact. 4 / - Cameroon could have requested the departure of all Nigerians residing on its soil. We did not do well. In short, we have not done anything that was likely to demonstrate our anger. In conducting the expulsion of all Nigerians based in Cameroon, more than 5 million people, that would put the government of Lagos in danger. This would have posed a real problem even internationally. 5 million expelled, it is not easy to manage. Naturally, Nigeria would have done the same, but how are we there? Are we reaching just 500,000 souls? Not at all. So what we feared?

In the military, we do not show our anger. Nigeria would have learned that Cameroon has already amassed more than 10,000 soldiers in Bakassi, it would have changed his opinion. But this too, we did not. Our attitude was to cajole, systematically, Nigeria, from beginning to end. In the end, he does not always cooperate.

POLICIES OF SYMBOLIC ACTS

From a purely political, not diplomatic, simply visit the head of state of Cameroon Bakassi had marked the spirits considerably, both in Nigeria and Cameroon. But nothing has been done in this direction since the conflict there. Once news of the abduction of Cameroonian officials, recently known, the Cameroonian head of state should, logically, to interrupt his holiday Switzerland, and reapply the next day in Cameroon, to go straightway to Bakassi. Nothing. He went quietly, his vacation and only returned to Cameroon for the CEMAC summit. Translation, " Bakassi to hell! . We saw George Bush in Iraq with his troops. We saw the American vice-president in Iraq, with American troops. We saw the defense minister of the United States in Iraq, with U.S. troops. We saw the American foreign minister in Iraq, with U.S. troops. When will the visit of Defence Minister of Cameroon in Bakassi? When will visit du ministre de l’administration territoriale à Bakassi ? Pourquoi tout ce monde ne s’y rend-t-il pas ?

TSAHAL FAIT PEUR

Israël est un tout petit pays, face à ses voisins arabes. Mais, nul ne peut se hasarder à le provoquer militairement. Tout le monde sait, d’avance, ce que cela va coûter. Tsaal, son armée, est redoutable. L’armée camerounaise, à ce jour, ne fait peur à personne. Bien mieux, elle fait même rire l’ensemble de nos voisins. A sa tête se troupe une bande de vieillards totalement gaga, plus hommes d’affaires que militaires. Et, tout autour de nous, tout le monde le sait. Le conflit de Bakassi s’est ainsi présenté comme une occasion inespérée de la faire respecter tout autour de nous. Mais, ordre lui a été donné de se contenter, simplement, de contenir les troupes nigérianes. Qui donc peut trembler devant elle ? Faut-il rappeler que c’est une armée qui n’est même pas parvenue à réussir un coup d’Etat ? Il se pose véritablement l’immense problème de sa crédibilité. Généraux gaga et corrompus, qui n’ont fait leurs preuves que contre leurs propres concitoyens à l’époque of scrub and dead cities, troops constantly in bars, getting drunk from morning to evening. The Cameroonian army burst out laughing everyone. That's too bad ...

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The limitation of the presidential term in France or when the mouths close to Cameroon

Most recently, the French have limited the number of terms that can make a president. Neither CRTV, Cameroon Tribune nor , nobody has reported ...

Where are the intellectuals interested, Cameroon, who praise the plan as a project foolish to abolish limitation of presidential mandates in our country? Have they lost both, tongue and pen? They cited as a model, France, where the number of presidential terms was not limited. But now that France, in fact, has decided the opposite. Why do they talk more? Do they not informed?

OF LIAR: "intellectuals" CAMEROON

Throughout the campaign for the lifting of limitation of presidential terms, we ended up with at least three types of intellectuals: those who do not know, so a bunch of ignorant, despite their aggregations are anything and they give to their classes Soa ( we pity our poor children they are ), those who knew, but were lying, and finally, those who knew, but were stifled. This latter category that concerns us very little here.

Intellectuals ignorant.

This is the band of individuals who, like parrots, repeating, endlessly, that the president is right, much better, it is "the chance of Cameroon " because he "has brought peace, that this constitutional amendment will allow, finally, of having " free hand to implement its policy of greater ambitions . They spread a lot of respect fool like that. Naturally, they laughed, frantically, to know the opinion that the population would have them, since they hoped to be heard by that law, namely the President of the Republic.

intellectuals who knew but lied.

This category is approached first, insofar as only the result mattered, namely that the message of their commitment alongside the frantic dying regime renewal reaching the ear of the President of the Republic . So they bribe journalists in CRTV to obtain interview log in 13 hours, were included in the debates of soporific CRTV-television , inundated by their speech, private radio waves that His Excellency the Mincom had finally closed, bought full pages in newspapers instead to reassure themselves better to be seen, because competition was fierce parrots.

WHAT WAS THE PURPOSE OF LIE OR IGNORANCE?

The French Constitution of 1958, currently in effect, is the work of a dictator in the person of Charles de Gaulle. This character is known, loathed the 1946 constitution, that is to say, the one before, for three basic reasons: 1 / - controlled parliament there too, with its taste, the executive; 2 / - the president was not elected by universal suffrage, but by parliament; 3 / - The 1946 constitution was drafted by a constituent assembly, therefore, in the words of De Gaulle a " hogwash. " Let these three points.

The omnipotence of Parliament.

This criticism of De Gaulle was consistent with his abomination of the parliamentary system. As a good soldier, he dreamed of putting the French in it, as in a regiment. " At your orders! "is the language he was accustomed, and he wanted to hear of his countrymen. Consequently, the regime's preference, was the strong presidential system, quasi-dictatorial. In 1946, he had wanted to impose this spirit to France. The French have soon asked to take a hike elsewhere. He therefore entered into a retirement of 12 years, during which he had stopped plotting to overthrow the regime of the Fourth Republic, 1946-1958, that is to say that derived from the constitution that 'he detested. The events of Algiers, that the riots of the period of the independence of the French department, have given her an unexpected opportunity to take power without being elected, ie, being reminded of his political retirement simulated. In May 1958, he was actually invited by René Coty, President of the French Republic, to form the government, that is to say, to become Prime Minister (Chairman of the Board was called). Naturally, he accepted, but not without raising its conditions, the main one being the development of a new constitution. Now who said developing a new constitution, in a context such as that of France in 1958 where the authority of the state was on the ground, said, automatically, overthrow the regime. So how Charles de Gaulle organized a coup in France. He did not need the army, he needed riots in Algiers.

In developing its constitution, it goes without saying that Charles de Gaulle was careful to elect a constituent assembly, this "hogwash." Instead, he instead created a "Constitutional Consultative Committee. This famous committee drafted a constitution that was presented to the French people for approval, September 28, 1958. Naturally, given the tense climate that prevailed in France during the French people voted "YES". It only remained to René Coty to withdraw from power, and in December 1958, Charles de Gaulle was President of the Republic.

Most importantly to note is exactly the same way. ... Adolf Hitler came to power in January 1933. He did not win the election. He had that conspire during the previous ten years, threatening to fire and sword if Germany Paul von Hindenburg , President of 2 nd Reich does not designate the Prime Minister. Chancellor Adolf Hitler once, that is to say Premier ministre, on connaît la suite : 27 février 1933, incendie Reichstag, le Parlement allemand. C’était sa manière à lui d’anéantir le parlement.

Charles de Gaulle, pour sa part, lui a considérablement réduit les pouvoirs, au point où, la récente réforme de la constitution française, a eu pour finalité, entre autre, le rééquilibrage des pouvoirs entre l’exécutif et le législatif, au profit du législatif. Voilà ce que les intellectuels camerounais, soit ne savaient pas en ergotant sur la levée de la limitation du mandat présidentiel au Cameroun, soit savaient, mais, taisaient.

L’élection du président de la République par le parlement.

Ceci est la conséquence toute logique de tout régime parlementaire. Il était ainsi normal qu’en France, le président de la République ne fut pas élu au suffrage universel. Mais, cela comporte comme principale conséquence, que ce dernier ne pèse pas d’un grand poids sur les institutions. Ce que De Gaulle ne pouvait admettre. Il voulait être un quasi-roi. En 1962, il a, ainsi, procédé à la modification de cette clause, en faisant désormais élire le président de la République au suffrage universel, transformant définitivement de cette manière le régime politique français en régime présidentiel.

L’élaboration de la constitution par une assemblée constituante.

Toutes les constitutions avant de Gaulle, avaient été élaborées ainsi. La raison en est que c’est le mode d’élaboration démocratique d’une constitution. En 1945, au sortir de la guerre, la France a ainsi élu une première assemblée constituante dont la constitution qu’elle avait élaborée avait été rejetée par le peuple, au cours du référendum qui avait suivi. Cette première assemblée constituante a alors été, d’office, dissoute. Une seconde a été élue. C’est cette dernière qui a élaboré la constitution de 1946, que Charles de Gaulle détestait à mourir. Le Cameroun avait des députés à ces deux assemblées constituantes : Louis-Paul Aujoulat, pour le compte des Blancs du Cameroun, et Alexandre Douala Manga Bell, pour le compte des « indigènes ', That is to say, us. But that's the one thing that shocked most of de Gaulle, that the Negroes were able to participate in the drafting of the French constitution. He regarded this as an insult, a defilement.

Our Cameroonian intellectuals who were modeled on the French Constitution of 1958 did they know this?

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The lack of political agenda of the CPDM and the current crisis in Cameroon

What a political party without a political program or with a vague political agenda? Nothing. It is unfortunately le drame que vit le Cameroun contemporain, avec le Rdpc, et, ceci, depuis la naissance de son ancêtre, l’Union Camerounaise, le 1 ^er mai 1958 à Garoua, et la transformation de celui-ci en Union Nationale Camerounaise, le 1 ^er septembre 1966.

LES PROGRAMMES POLITIQUES DES PARTIS POLITIQUES CAMEROUNAIS AVANT L’UNION CAMEROUNAISE

Il n’est guère nécessaire de passer en revue la totalité des partis politiques qui ont précédé la naissance Cameroonian Union, UC, in Garoua in 1958. Did observe that the most representative.

The political program of the UPC.

It is widely known. Nevertheless, it is important to remember that. "Reunification and Independence": that was it. He had been made since the creation of this political party or, more accurately, it is crucial that these two claims have been responsible for its creation. Because in normal things, a political party arises from a school of thought, and not from the fortune of an individual, or the aura of it.

The political program of the UPC was a relevance as the colonial administration was immediately known it, up against this political. The rest is history. Imprisonment, massacres, exile, murder, execution posts.

The political program of the Cameroon National Federation.

The Cameroon National Federation , CNF, is the political party created by Dr. Emmanuel Endeley in 1949. His political program, two points were as follows: 1 / - Transformation of the Southern Cameroons into separate autonomous region of Nigeria, 2 / - reunification of Cameroon.

The political program of the Cameroon Democratic Bloc, BDC.

This political party that had called her many detractors, BDC " Band of Cons", was créé par le colon le plus nuisible qu’avait connu le Cameroun, Louis-Paul Aujoulat. Son programme politique ? Opposition totale et farouche à l’Upc, et, à travers lui, à la réunification et à l’indépendance du Cameroun. Il se formulait ainsi que suit : « intégration du Cameroun au sein de l’Union Française ». Naturellement, il n’évoquait nullement la question de la réunification du Kamerun, pour une raison très simple : en sa qualité de parti politique créé par un Français et pro-français, il ne faisait que promouvoir la politique française au Cameroun. Celle-ci, au sujet de la réunification, consistait à une opposition fierce, being contrary to the Franco-British, 4 March 1916 on the sharing of Kamerun. Among the most famous members, thereafter, this political party, include these: Ahmadou Ahidjo, the future president, Charles Onana Awana, future Minister, Secretary General of the UDEAC Benoït Bindzi, future Minister and Ambassador to Cameroon, Jean Faustin Bétayéné, future minister and first CEO of the NIS, André Fouda, future minister and mayor of Yaounde during good behavior, etc..

The political program of the Kamerun National Democratic Party, KNDP.

This political party created by John Ngu Foncha, an offshoot of CNF, was political agenda, of course, the reunification of Cameroon. Foncha initially had a policy neutral on the question of whether Southern Cameroons would include Nigeria, or whether he restores the Kamerun, with the part under French domination of our homeland. Subsequently, he settled the debate, and became pro-recovery of Kamerun, that is to say, pro-reunification, while Dr. Emmanuel Endeley, for its part, became, frankly, pro-integration Nigeria.

THE POLICY AGENDA OF THE UNION CAMEROON, UC.

This party, created by Ahmadou Ahidjo, after this person had been appointed Prime Minister by Jean Ramadier February 18, 1958, had a political agenda in three points: 1 / - Unit Cameroon, 2 / - Cameroonian nation, 3 / - Franco-Cameroonian cooperation. Important. This political program was only the repetition of the inauguration speech read by Ahmadou Ahidjo, le 18 février 1958, devant l’Assemblée législative du Cameroun, ALCAM, et rédigé, à son intention, par son protecteur et bienfaiteur, Jean Ramadier, Haut-commissaire de la République française au Cameroun. C’est pourquoi, il ne fait allusion, nullement, aux problèmes politiques de l’heure, à savoir, la réunification du Cameroun, d’une part, et l’indépendance nationale. En fait, il détourne les Camerounais, vers d’autres préoccupations, celles qui n’offusquent pas les Français, ne portent pas atteinte à leur domination et exploitation de notre pays. Il insinue que le retard de développement du Cameroun serait la conséquence de son manque d’unité. Mensonge grotesque. D’une part, les Camerounais étaient unis, au moment de sa création, d’autre part, si le Cameroun était sous-développé en 1958, c’était à cause de l’exploitation effrénée du pays et l’abâtardissement de sa population qu’entraînait le colonialisme français. Son silence sur le problème de la réunification s’explique par l’hostilité de la France sur cette question, tout comme l’était la « Bande de cons ». Cette idéologie anti-nationale de l’Union Camerounaise, s’imposera par la violence, aux Camerounais qui, naturellement, la rejetaient. D’où la dictature féroce qui s’est abattue, sur le Cameroun, au lendemain de la naissance de l’UC, c’est-à-dire après le 18 février 1958.

LE PROGRAMME POLITIQUE DE L’UNION NATIONALE CAMEROUNAISE

C’est en 1966, plus précisément, le 1 ^er septembre, que l’Union Camerounaise s’est transformée, par absorption forcée des partis politiques du Cameroun occidental, ceux du Cameroun oriental ayant déjà été sabordés par l’emprisonnement de la totalité de leurs leaders politiques, en Union Nationale Camerounaise, UNC. Ainsi, le terme utilisé pour désigner l’UNC, et qui était, « parti unifié », n’est qu’en partie vrai. Il y a eu, effectivement, unification avec trois partis politiques du Cameroun occidental, le KNDP, Kamerun National Democratic Party , de John Ngu Foncha, le CUC, Cameroon United Congress , de Salomon Tandeng Muna, et le CPNC, Cameroon People Nationale Congress , mais, il importe d’insister sur ce point, par l’intimidation. Quiconque se serait opposé à la décision d’absorption his party with that of Ahmadou Ahidjo, was purely and simply thrown in jail, as were all the political leaders of East Cameroon, which had, which were the main, Andre Marie Mbida, Marcel Bebey EYID Theodore Mayi Matip, Okala Charles.

Regarding the political agenda, the EU has had several Cameroonian. First, it inherited from that of the UA in 1964, namely, the "African socialism . It was a pale imitation of the "socialist "Leopold Sedar Senghor, Senegal. After 1966, Ahmadou Ahidjo became aware of the incongruous nature of this political agenda, he, a Muslim feudal North, anti-communist to his fingertips, he soon abandoned. He has invented another " development self-centered." After breaking the ears of Cameroonians with this gibberish for a decade, he has added another word gibberish "endogenous . It has become "self-centered development and endogenous . He felt that this was not enough. He added another sentence meaningless gibberish to "self-sustaining." The political program of the UNC has become "self-centered development, endogenous and self-sustaining." What it meant say? He alone knew. The fact is that every speech, Cameroon, during the last years of the reign of Ahmadou Ahidjo had done more than repeat this concept devoid of content.

But beyond all that nonsense, the real agenda of the UNC remained on 3 th point of his mother UC, namely cooperation between France and Cameroon. Translation, everything must go to Paris, the interests of the latter must prevail over all others, including those in Cameroon. When Ahmadou began trying to free themselves from wanting to break this policy, including the awarding of the contract creating the television to the Germans at the expense of France, visits to all-out in other European countries, Belgium Spain, England, etc., we saw what it cost him, he was summoned to Paris, November 4, 1982, he came to announce to Cameroonians dumbfounded, his sacking by France.

THE POLICY AGENDA DPRK

On March 25, 1985, Ahmadou Ahidjo's successor, Paul Biya Bartholomew ' a bi Mvondo, transformed by the name, not by content, Cameroon National Union, UNC, in Cameroon People's Democratic Movement , DPRK. Since there is out verbally with the man who made him king, he also changes, by name, only the political program of the UNC DPRK now. It becomes the "liberal community . An entire book devoted to it. A true masterpiece of literature insipid and boring, the reader of this book should be doctrinaire force, really, to read the hundreds of pages that constitute it. And after this tedious exercise, he knows less about the "liberal Community " that he knew before. Soon, the book that were eager to learn many Cameroonians began to end his days, one hand behind the cabinet where he was exposed, after being tombés, d’autre part, sur les trottoirs des libraires du poteau, pour ne pas dire dans les caniveaux. Pour tout dire, de cette littérature, les Camerounais n’ont rien compris. Non pas qu’ils seraient des cancres, mais, bel et bien, parce que le livre est, tout bonnement, vide. Son auteur, lui-même, à savoir le président de la République, en a fait de même. Il n’en a pas cité bien longtemps le contenu. Il est passé à autre chose, c’est-à-dire, à rien. Actuellement, bien malin qui pourrait dire quelle est le programme politique du Rdpc. Il n’en existe, tout simplement, pas. C’est le président de la République qui, d’une année to another, inventing new themes: "modernity", "great ambitions", etc.. So the reign of piloting prevailing view at this moment, Cameroon. Unfortunately, history provides no example of a country, we want to insist on "no" which came out of the crisis, poverty with a political party in power, no political agenda at the Like the one that governs our country today. Even better, the same history teaches us, rather than what type of party is there to completely destroy a country. This is what happened Haiti, Jean-Claude Duvalier, Zaire, with Joseph-Desire Mobutu in Central Africa with Jean-Bedel Bokassa, Equatorial Guinea with Macias Nguema Biyogo me, etc.. Therefore, think that the CPDM is able to meet in any manner whatsoever Cameroon, to make it a respected country, not least in Africa, not to mention the world, is a huge lure ...

Immobiliser For Chest Infection

reunification and national unity: two diametrically opposed

A profound confusion has finally settled, permanently, in the minds of Cameroonians through repetition. It is the cons-truth that, "National unity" version Ahmadou Ahidjo, whose crowning achievement was the "peaceful revolution of 20 May 1972", in other words, the abolition of the federal state and the establishment of a single state, would be the completion of the battle undertaken by Cameroon, the division of their homeland by the British and the French, March 4, 1916.

SPEECH ON THE REUNIFICATION: A SPEECH ANTI-COLONIAL

When Cameroonians have learned, March 4, 1916, the division of their land by new invaders What was the French and British anger was unbounded, he was born in them, the irrepressible need to rebuild their country. Immediately, they began a nationalist struggle, which had the dual characteristic of wanting to start the white invaders, and the rebuilding of their homeland. So it was a nationalism of a particular type and unpublished, in the world. Even better, this fight was more nationalist than the one hand, Cameroonians felt that treaties Douala German, for a period of thirty years came to an end July 12, 1914, they have been signed July 12, 1884, on the other hand, they had not been consulted by the British and the French, nor that they take over from the Germans, nor that these new invaders carry out the division of their country.
Cameroonians were all the more justified in thinking that the Germans arrived on their land, had occurred on the basis of an agreement, that is to say, with their consent evidenced by the Douala-German treaty July 12, 1884.
1919, at the peace conference at the end of World War I at Versailles in the suburbs of Paris, Cameroonians have committed, through diplomatic channels, the double battle of the reunification of their country and his release by the British and the French. But they were not heard.
July 20, 1922 for their misfortune, the League of Nations League, had rather, in response, simply legalized the sharing and domination of Kamerun by Great Britain and France, the biggest disappointment of Cameroonians. From that year, Cameroonians will not cease to petition to the Standing Committee Mandates , CPM, the management body of the territories under mandate of this international organization until the end of the this, with the advent of World War II.
The demise of the League, was an event that was perceived by Cameroonians as In the end, likely from foreign domination in their country, and recovery of the latter. But to their misfortune, once again, their fate was decided without their consent. Indeed, 13 December 1946 were signed trust agreements between the United Nations, France and Great Britain, without any consultation of Cameroonians. They just learned one morning that the domination of their territory and its division, would continue under the new global organization that had seen the day in San Francisco that is to say the UN . Needless to say that the news has once again saddened at the highest point. Nevertheless, leur réaction ne s’est pas fait attendre, d’autant que la fin du second conflit mondial s’est traduite, pour eux, par l’octroi de libertés politiques par les deux colonialistes. Ils disposaient, désormais, de la possibilité de s’organiser en partis politiques.
Du côté sous domination française, le 10 avril 1948, c’est connu, ils ont créé un parti politique nationaliste, l’UPC. Son programme politique était, pour rappel, « réunification, immédiate, et indépendance ». Du côté sous domination britannique, ils ont même fait mieux. La quasi-totalité des political parties they have created, all have placed the issue of reunification at the top of their agenda.
But on the other hand, Franco-British, for their part, did not see it that way. They had already, and for eternity, divided our country, and it was totally out of question they call that into question. They are therefore set to fight hard on the French side, this idea, and rather casually, the British side. This explains the fact that nationalists have succeeded in take over the British side, and they were all killed, the French side.
Clearly, the proposed unification was, without further action, nationalist. It was turned against France and Great Britain, in addition to the benefit of Cameroonians.

SPEECH ON NATIONAL UNITY: AN ADDRESS ANTI-NATIONALIST

What has been the reaction of the French response to the determination of Cameroonians to rebuild their country as it was when his division on 4 March 1916?
We have already said, they began chasing the Cameroonian who promoted this idea: Ruben Um Nyobe Felix Moumie, Kingué Abel, Ernest Ouanda, Omog Gertrude Isaac Nyobe Mpandjock, etc.. It's not all they have, through the High Commissioner Roland Pré, carried out the massacres of the week from 22 to 28 May 1955.
Once Roland Pre sacked and replaced by Pierre Messmer, first, then Jean Ramadier thereafter, they brought the discourse on "national unity " as the one on the nail " reunification and independence "that propagated the nationalists. The latter, designed by Jean Ramadier was expounded for the first time February 18, 1958, on the occasion of the inauguration of the second Prime Minister of the semi-autonomous state of Cameroon, Ahmadou Ahidjo. From le lendemain, à savoir le 19 février 1958, et jusqu’à ce jour, les Camerounais se sont ainsi retrouvés face à deux discours antagonistes, opposés, s’excluant l’un l’autre. Celui sur « la réunification et l’indépendance », en langage courant, « Blancs, quittez notre pays et rentrez chez vous », d’une part, et celui sur « l’unité nationale », qui, lui, signifie, « c’est parce que vous êtes constitués en plusieurs tribus que vous ne pouvez pas progresser, que vous êtes sous-développés ; il vous faut donc être unis, et vous sortirez de la pauvreté ».
Clearly, a discourse of blame for the Cameroonians, " you, yourselves, the cause of your troubles, unite and they will end ," a speech of exculpation For the French, " they pulled out of darkness, we have provided health, education, roads, happiness, price, sometimes, their lives . In other words, the French Cameroon from August 1914 to December 31, 1959, were murdered person, burnt no villages, no Cameroonians exploited, burned no field, hanged anyone, etc.. They came here to bring us light, we leave our endless tribal wars, barbarism in which we lived since time immemorial.
How to summarize such a speech? An anti-nationalist.
The 1 st May 1958, Ahmadou Ahidjo, creating a political party in Garoua, Cameroon Union, UC, made his ideology in three points: 1 / - National Union, 2 / - Cameroonian nation, 3 / - Franco-Cameroonian cooperation.
What were the consequences immediate dissolving this discourse of patriotism?

TRIUMPH OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF SPEECH ON NATIONAL UNITY

Cameroonians started by the Ahidjo government interposed, to look through their tribe, because he should not do any tribe that dominates another. The ideologues of Ahmadou Ahidjo theorized this backward vision of things around the themes of "harmonious development and équilibré de la nation », et de « l’équilibre ethnique, l’équilibre régional ». Il fallait, dans chaque ministère, dans chaque administration, dans chaque société parapublique, etc, « équilibrer » les tribus, afin qu’aucune ne prenne le dessus sur une autre. Dans les concours administratifs, le régime d’Ahmadou Ahidjo a introduit une double citoyenneté : une « avantagée par le colonialisme », le Sud Cameroun, et une autre « désavantagée » par celui-ci, le Nord Cameroun. Jusqu’à ce jour, c’est ce discours qui prévaut.
Ruben Um Nyobè, quant à lui, lorsqu’il se rendait à l’ONU, ne le faisait pas pour aller y avantager les Bassaa, son groupe ethnique, au détriment des autres, mais, bel et bien, tous les Camerounais. C’est cet esprit qui gênait, considérablement, les Français, et qu’il fallait tuer pour être en mesure de continuer à dominer notre pays, longtemps après la proclamation de l’indépendance. A ce jour, le moins que l’on puisse dire, est qu’ils y sont parvenus. Et c’est bien dommage…